Schiemann Joachim
Institute for Plant Virology, Microbiology and Biosafety, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA), Messeweg 11-12, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany.
Environ Biosafety Res. 2006 Oct-Dec;5(4):201-3. doi: 10.1051/ebr:2007023. Epub 2007 Jul 20.
Biosafety regulatory frameworks are intended to serve as mechanisms for ensuring the safe use of biotechnology products without imposing unacceptable risk to human health or the environment, or unintended constraints to technology transfer. In several regulatory systems GMO risk assessment has been separated from GMO risk management. As a consequence, risk assessment can be performed on a purely scientific basis, whereas risk management can take additional aspects (e.g. socio-economic or ethical) into consideration. For instance, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the keystone of European Union risk assessment regarding food and feed safety, provides independent scientific advice and clear communication on existing and emerging risks in close collaboration with national authorities and in open consultation with its stakeholders. Risk management measures are not within the remit of EFSA, and remain the responsibility of the European Commission and Member States.
生物安全监管框架旨在作为一种机制,确保安全使用生物技术产品,同时不对人类健康或环境造成不可接受的风险,也不对技术转让造成意外限制。在一些监管体系中,转基因生物风险评估与转基因生物风险管理是分开的。因此,风险评估可以完全基于科学进行,而风险管理则可以考虑其他方面(如社会经济或伦理方面)。例如,欧洲食品安全局(EFSA)是欧盟食品和饲料安全风险评估的核心机构,它与各国当局密切合作,并与利益相关者进行公开磋商,就现有和新出现的风险提供独立的科学建议和清晰的沟通。风险管理措施不在欧洲食品安全局的职权范围内,仍然是欧盟委员会和成员国的责任。