Halling Kevin C, Kipp Benjamin R
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Hum Pathol. 2007 Aug;38(8):1137-44. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2007.04.015.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique that uses fluorescently labeled DNA probes to detect chromosomal alterations in cells. FISH can detect various types of cytogenetic alterations including aneusomy (ie, abnormalities of chromosome copy number), duplication, amplification, deletion, and translocation. Because tumor cells generally contain chromosomal alterations, FISH is able to detect cells that have chromosomal abnormalities consistent with neoplasia in exfoliative and aspiration cytology specimens. This review will discuss the utility of FISH for the detection of bladder, lung, pancreatobiliary, and esophageal carcinoma in cytologic specimens.
荧光原位杂交（FISH）是一种利用荧光标记的DNA探针来检测细胞中染色体改变的技术。FISH能够检测各种类型的细胞遗传学改变，包括非整倍体（即染色体拷贝数异常）、重复、扩增、缺失和易位。由于肿瘤细胞通常含有染色体改变，FISH能够在脱落细胞学和针吸细胞学标本中检测出具有与肿瘤形成一致的染色体异常的细胞。本综述将讨论FISH在细胞学标本中检测膀胱癌、肺癌、胰胆管癌和食管癌的应用。
