Behavior as a tool for welfare improvement and conservation management in the endangered lizard (Gallotia bravoana).

The study assessed the behavior of Gallotia bravoana (La Gomera, Canary Islands, one of the world's most threatened reptiles) to facilitate management decisions and improve welfare during initial stages of a species' recovery plan. The study analyzed--and remote-controlled video cameras filmed-the behavior of lizards housed in 3 outdoor enclosures, from May to September 2000. Daily activity showed a bimodal or unimodal pattern, all specimens basking more during June, with the largest male was the most active. Adults ate a higher percentage of vegetable items; subadults, a comparatively larger proportion of larvae and adult insects. The study analyzed individual compatibility; all interacted during 2 short periods. Aggression occurred mainly between males; because most directed high-intensity aggression toward a specific lizard, the study recommended isolating this lizard in a separate enclosure. The study recommended keeping 2 male-female pairs, who demonstrated social tolerance, as breeding pairs in separated terraria. Typical courtship behavior (head-bob sequences) occurred mainly during July, with highest frequency by the oldest male. Behavioral assessment provided data for improving the individuals' welfare in the enclosures and to select specific pairs for breeding.