Cortés-Funes Hernán, Coronado Cyntia
Division of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2007;7(2):56-60. doi: 10.1007/s12012-007-0015-3.
Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin, epirubicin, and daunorubicin are among the most active cytoxic agents for treatment of a wide variety of solid tumors and hematological malignancies. The downside associated with chronic administration of anthracyclines is the induction of cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure, usually refractory to common treatments. Anthracycline liposomal formulations are currently the best-known alternatives to improve the index and spectrum of anticancer activity of these drugs and decrease their cardiotoxicity. In the current target therapy era in oncology, anthracyclines increase the antitumor effects in more than additive fashion, being excellent partners for other active agents like taxanes and trastuzumab. It is important to note, however, that the enhanced antitumor activity of these combination therapies is often accompanied with increased cardiotoxicity. The issue of anthracycline cardiotoxicity has not been solved so far and it is also important to stress the current lack of proper prevention and treatment strategies.
阿霉素、表柔比星和柔红霉素等蒽环类药物是治疗多种实体瘤和血液系统恶性肿瘤最有效的细胞毒性药物之一。长期使用蒽环类药物的不利之处在于会诱发心肌病和充血性心力衰竭，通常对常规治疗无效。蒽环类脂质体制剂是目前提高这些药物抗癌活性指数和范围并降低其心脏毒性的最知名替代方案。在当前肿瘤学的靶向治疗时代，蒽环类药物以超过相加的方式增强抗肿瘤作用，是紫杉烷类和曲妥珠单抗等其他活性药物的优秀搭档。然而，需要注意的是，这些联合疗法增强的抗肿瘤活性往往伴随着心脏毒性增加。蒽环类药物心脏毒性问题至今尚未解决，强调目前缺乏适当的预防和治疗策略也很重要。
