Carrasco-Garrido P, Jiménez-García R, Barrera V Hernández, Gil de Miguel A
Unidad de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2008 Feb;17(2):193-9. doi: 10.1002/pds.1455.
Our study aimed at describing the prevalence of self-medicated drug use among the Spanish adult population and to identify the predictive factors of such self-medication in Spain.
Descriptive, cross-sectional study covering the Spanish adult population, using data drawn from the 2003 Spanish National Health Survey (ENSS). A total of 19 514 subjects were analysed. The independent variables were socio-demographic and health-related, and the dependent variable was self-medicated drug use. Using logistic multivariate regression models we have estimated the independent effect of each of these variables on the self-medicated consumption.
The 18.1% of all Spaniards indulge in self-medication. Our study shows that 45% of all cold and influenza medication and 39.4% of analgesics consumed by the population involve self-medication. It should be stressed here that 17.7% of persons who took antibiotics did so in the form of self-medication. The variables that were independently and significantly associated with a greater probability of self-medicated consumption were: sex; lower age; higher educational level; consumption of alcohol; smoking habit; use of alternative medical products; absence of chronic disease and a positive perception of health.
In Spain, the prevalence of self-medicated drug use is higher in women than men. In our population, the influence of unhealthy lifestyles, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, is related to a higher likelihood of self-medication.
我们的研究旨在描述西班牙成年人群中自我药疗的流行情况，并确定西班牙这种自我药疗的预测因素。
采用描述性横断面研究，涵盖西班牙成年人群，使用来自2003年西班牙国家健康调查（ENSS）的数据。共分析了19514名受试者。自变量为社会人口统计学和健康相关因素，因变量为自我药疗用药情况。我们使用逻辑多元回归模型估计了这些变量各自对自我药疗消费的独立影响。
18.1%的西班牙人有自我药疗行为。我们的研究表明，人群消费的所有感冒和流感药物中有45%以及镇痛药中有39.4%涉及自我药疗。在此应强调的是，17.7%的抗生素使用者是以自我药疗的形式用药。与自我药疗消费可能性更高独立且显著相关的变量有：性别；年龄较小；教育水平较高；饮酒；吸烟习惯；使用替代医疗产品；无慢性病以及对健康的积极认知。
在西班牙，女性自我药疗的流行率高于男性。在我们的人群中，不健康的生活方式，如饮酒和吸烟，与自我药疗的较高可能性相关。
