Almas Khalid, Al Wazzan K, Al Hussain I, Al-Ahdal K Y, Khan N B
Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York, USA.
Odontostomatol Trop. 2007 Mar;30(117):27-33.
Drug addiction or substance abuse is an endemic habit globally. At present there is no data available regarding the temporomandibular joint status, occlusal and cervical tooth wear and facial pain among substance abusers from the Saudi Arabia.
The aim of the study was to investigate the temporomandibular joint status, occlusal and cervical tooth wear and facial pain among the drug abusers from narcotics control prison, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
One hundred subjects were included in the study as a convenience sample. Male comprised of 56 and female 44. An interview and clinical examination were performed.
The age ranged from 20-65 years with mean (31.4 +/- 8.9). Smoking, drinking and chewing habits were most common modes of drug used. 98.0% were smokers, 61.0% alcohol drinkers and 41.0% were cannabis user. The duration of drug abuse was more than 5 years among most of the candidates. TMJ status revealed that clicking was reported by 40.0%, tenderness by 9% and reduced jaw mobility 0.0%. Occlusal enamel wear (attrition) was reported by 16.1% of male and 18.1% of female. However, the occlusal dentine exposure was among female only (18.1%). Cervical erosion abrasion was common among 16.1% male and 54.5% female. Facial pain was experienced by 6.0% and facial numbness by only 1.0% of the subjects.
Smoking, alcohol and cannabis were common among the studied population. Only 9.0% of the subjects had tenderness in TMJ, occlusal enamel wear was among 17.0% of subjects. Only female subjects had dentinal exposure. Facial pain was common among up to only 6.0% of the studied population. From public health point of view, smoking cessation programs and oral health education should be introduced to adolescents to prevent unhealthy illicit substance abusing habits in future. Further studies are needed to assess the oral mucosal changes, dietary pattern, oral hygiene behavior, quality of life and level of satisfaction among the substance abusers from Saudi Arabia.
药物成瘾或物质滥用是一种全球流行的习惯。目前，尚无关于沙特阿拉伯药物滥用者颞下颌关节状况、咬合及颈部牙齿磨损和面部疼痛的数据。
本研究的目的是调查沙特阿拉伯利雅得戒毒所药物滥用者的颞下颌关节状况、咬合及颈部牙齿磨损和面部疼痛情况。
本研究纳入100名受试者作为便利样本。其中男性56名，女性44名。进行了访谈和临床检查。
年龄范围为20 - 65岁，平均年龄为（31.4 ± 8.9）岁。吸烟、饮酒和咀嚼习惯是最常见的用药方式。98.0%的人吸烟，61.0%的人饮酒，41.0%的人吸食大麻。大多数受试者的药物滥用持续时间超过5年。颞下颌关节状况显示，40.0%的人有弹响，9%的人有压痛，0.0%的人下颌运动受限。16.1%的男性和18.1%的女性有咬合面釉质磨损（磨耗）。然而，咬合面牙本质暴露仅见于女性（18.1%）。16.1%的男性和54.5%的女性有颈部侵蚀磨损。6.0%的受试者有面部疼痛，只有1.0%的受试者有面部麻木。
在所研究的人群中，吸烟、饮酒和吸食大麻很常见。只有9.0%的受试者颞下颌关节有压痛，17.0%的受试者有咬合面釉质磨损。只有女性受试者有牙本质暴露。面部疼痛在多达6.0%的研究人群中较为常见。从公共卫生的角度来看，应向青少年推行戒烟计划和口腔健康教育，以防止未来出现不健康的非法物质滥用习惯。需要进一步研究来评估沙特阿拉伯药物滥用者的口腔黏膜变化、饮食模式、口腔卫生行为、生活质量和满意度水平。
