Marangell L B, Martinez M, Jurdi R A, Zboyan H
Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2007 Sep;116(3):174-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01033.x.
In response to an increased understanding of the neurobiology of severe psychiatric disorders, new therapeutic modalities are entering clinical practice that involve the direct stimulation of the brain.
We provide a review of published literature regarding the clinical use of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in psychiatric disorders, with an emphasis on treatment-resistant depression (TRD).
Vagus nerve stimulation is approved for use in both the EU and US for TRD. TMS has been approved for TRD in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the European Union and Israel, but not yet in the United States. DBS remains in the early stages of investigation.
While additional studies are clearly warranted, treatments that directly stimulate the brain appear to hold great therapeutic promise for severe psychiatric disorders.
随着对严重精神疾病神经生物学的认识不断加深，新的治疗方式正在进入临床实践，这些方式涉及对大脑的直接刺激。
我们对已发表的关于迷走神经刺激（VNS）疗法、经颅磁刺激（TMS）和深部脑刺激（DBS）在精神疾病临床应用的文献进行综述，重点关注难治性抑郁症（TRD）。
迷走神经刺激在欧盟和美国均被批准用于治疗难治性抑郁症。经颅磁刺激在加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、欧盟和以色列已被批准用于治疗难治性抑郁症，但在美国尚未获批。深部脑刺激仍处于研究初期。
虽然显然需要更多研究，但直接刺激大脑的治疗方法似乎对严重精神疾病具有巨大的治疗前景。
