French Lesley C, Wootten Christopher T, Thomas Robert G, Neblett Wallace W, Werkhaven Jay A, Cofer Shelagh A
Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007 Aug;137(2):280-3. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2007.02.021.
Although more tracheotomy procedures are performed within the first year of life than in any other age group, preschool-aged children requiring tracheotomy remain understudied. We characterize the indications and outcomes for patients between the ages of 3 and 6 years undergoing tracheotomy.
Out of 480 pediatric tracheotomy procedures performed at a tertiary-care hospital between 1988 and 2004, 15 patients underwent primary tracheotomy between 3 and 6 years of age.
Most (60%) procedures were performed for pulmonary toilet. Upper-airway obstruction represented the second most common indication (40%), and trauma necessitated tracheotomy procedures more often than had been predicted (40%). The decannulation rate was 40%; 2 patients died.
Trauma contributed to both upper-airway obstruction as well as requirements for pulmonary toilet. These procedures performed secondary to trauma will likely continue to increase.
Tracheotomy procedures in the preschool population remain uncommon; however, nearly half of those studied were performed as a direct result of otherwise preventable trauma.
尽管一岁以内进行气管切开术的手术比其他任何年龄组都多，但对需要气管切开术的学龄前儿童的研究仍然不足。我们描述了3至6岁接受气管切开术患者的适应症和治疗结果。
在1988年至2004年间一家三级护理医院进行的480例儿科气管切开术手术中，有15例患者在3至6岁之间接受了初次气管切开术。
大多数（60%）手术是为了肺部清洁。上呼吸道梗阻是第二常见的适应症（40%），并且外伤导致气管切开术的频率比预期更高（40%）。拔管率为40%；2例患者死亡。
外伤导致了上呼吸道梗阻以及肺部清洁的需求。这些因外伤而进行的手术可能会继续增加。
学龄前人群的气管切开术仍然不常见；然而，近一半的研究对象是由于原本可预防的外伤而直接进行手术的。
