Katz-Sheiban Bracha
Bar-Ilan University, Western Galilee College.
Harefuah. 2007 May;146(5):325-8, 408.
In recent decades, there is a growing tendency to identify groups with high suicidal risk such as in the case of repeated suicide attempts.
This study aims to uncover differences in suicide completion rates by different means among single versus repeated suicide attempters.
The sample consisted of 1,307 subjects reported to the Ministry of Health in Israel between the years 1972 and 1976. Each case was followed-up retrospectively over a period of 7 to 11 years until 1983.
Overall, 69% attempted suicide by medications and 31% by other means. The most frequent are vein cutting and hanging (7-8% by each), poisons or drugs, jumping, burning and shooting (1-5% in each). The rate of suicide attempts by medications is almost similar at the first and second attempt. However, the suicide rate of repeated suicide attempters by medications is 4.5 times higher than that of single suicide attempters. Single attempters committed suicide especially by shooting, hanging and burning. Discussion of findings relates to the availability and accessibility to different means for committing suicide and the possibility of controlling some of them, especially weapons and medications. Furthermore, broader consideration of the ambivalence towards death among repeated suicide attempters might be useful in treatment programs.
近几十年来，识别自杀风险高的群体（如多次自杀未遂的情况）的趋势日益增强。
本研究旨在揭示单次自杀未遂者与多次自杀未遂者通过不同方式完成自杀的比率差异。
样本包括1972年至1976年间向以色列卫生部报告的1307名受试者。对每个病例进行了7至11年的回顾性随访，直至1983年。
总体而言，69%的人通过服药自杀未遂，31%的人通过其他方式。最常见的是割静脉和上吊（各占7 - 8%）、服毒或吸毒、跳楼、自焚和枪击（各占1 - 5%）。首次和第二次服药自杀未遂的比率几乎相似。然而，多次服药自杀未遂者的自杀率是单次自杀未遂者的4.5倍。单次自杀未遂者尤其通过枪击、上吊和自焚自杀。对研究结果的讨论涉及自杀方式的可得性和可及性以及控制其中一些方式（特别是武器和药物）的可能性。此外，在治疗方案中更广泛地考虑多次自杀未遂者对死亡的矛盾心理可能会有所帮助。
