Baum Victor C
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0710, USA.
Paediatr Anaesth. 2007 Sep;17(9):824-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2007.02264.x.
Although often felt to be relatively innocuous, nitrous oxide can have significant metabolic effects in settings of abnormal vitamin B12 and B12-related metabolism in children. These conditions can be genetic or environmental. Symptoms may not appear until days to weeks after exposure to nitrous oxide. Although overt genetic diseases are relatively uncommon, the implications of nitrous oxide interactions with much more frequent but less symptomatically obvious single nucleotide polymorphisms are potentially more concerning. In addition, nitrous oxide can have direct and differing neurotoxic effects on both immature and aged brain, the clinical impact of which remains undetermined.
尽管一氧化二氮通常被认为相对无害，但在儿童维生素B12及与B12相关的代谢异常情况下，它可能会产生显著的代谢影响。这些情况可能是遗传或环境因素导致的。症状可能在接触一氧化二氮数天至数周后才出现。虽然明显的遗传疾病相对少见，但一氧化二氮与更为常见但症状不太明显的单核苷酸多态性相互作用的影响可能更令人担忧。此外，一氧化二氮对未成熟和老年大脑都可能产生直接且不同的神经毒性作用，其临床影响尚不确定。
