Hanefeld Markolf
Zentrum für Klinische Studien, GWT, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2007 Aug 15;6:20. doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-6-20.
Dysglycaemic disease is one of the most important health issues facing the world in the 21st century. Patients with type 2 diabetes and individuals with prediabetes are at risk of developing macrovascular and microvascular complications. Long-term management strategies are therefore required that are effective at controlling dysglycaemia, well tolerated and, ideally, offer additional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk-reduction benefits. The efficacy, safety and tolerability of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose have been well-established in a wide range of patient populations in both clinical and community trials. In addition, acarbose has been shown to reduce cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes and prevent hypertension and CVD in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Acarbose has a very good safety profile and, owing to its straightforward, non-systemic mode of action, avoids most adverse events. The most common side-effects of acarbose are mild-to-moderate gastrointestinal complaints that subside as treatment continues. They can be minimised through the use of an appropriate stepwise dosing regimen and careful choice of diet. Acarbose is therefore a valuable option for the management of type 2 diabetes and, as the only oral antidiabetes agent approved for the treatment of prediabetes, can help to improve clinical management across the dysglycaemic disease continuum.
血糖异常疾病是21世纪全球面临的最重要的健康问题之一。2型糖尿病患者和糖尿病前期个体有发生大血管和微血管并发症的风险。因此，需要长期管理策略，这些策略要能有效控制血糖异常，耐受性良好，理想情况下，还能额外降低心血管疾病（CVD）风险。α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂阿卡波糖的疗效、安全性和耐受性在临床和社区试验中的广泛患者群体中已得到充分证实。此外，阿卡波糖已被证明可减少2型糖尿病患者的心血管并发症，并预防糖耐量受损（IGT）个体的高血压和CVD。阿卡波糖具有非常好的安全性，由于其作用方式直接、非全身性，可避免大多数不良事件。阿卡波糖最常见的副作用是轻度至中度胃肠道不适，随着治疗的持续会逐渐减轻。通过使用适当的逐步给药方案和谨慎选择饮食，这些副作用可以降至最低。因此，阿卡波糖是管理2型糖尿病的一个有价值的选择，并且作为唯一被批准用于治疗糖尿病前期的口服抗糖尿病药物，有助于改善整个血糖异常疾病连续体的临床管理。
