Ishtiaq Farah, Gering Eben, Rappole Jon H, Rahmani Asad R, Jhala Yadvendradev V, Dove Carla J, Milensky Chris, Olson Storrs L, Peirce Mike A, Fleischer Robert C
Genetics Program, National Zoological Park, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20008, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2007 Jul;43(3):382-98. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-43.3.382.
Tissue samples from 699 birds from three regions of Asia (Myanmar, India, and South Korea) were screened for evidence of infection by avian parasites in the genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus. Samples were collected from November 1994 to October 2004. We identified 241 infected birds (34.0%). Base-on-sequence data for the cytochrome b gene from 221 positive samples, 34 distinct lineages of Plasmodium, and 41 of Haemoproteus were detected. Parasite diversity was highest in Myanmar followed by India and South Korea. Parasite prevalence differed among regions but not among host families. There were four lineages of Plasmodium and one of Haemoproteus shared between Myanmar and India and only one lineage of Plasmodium shared between Myanmar and South Korea. No lineages were shared between India and South Korea, although an equal number of distinct lineages were recovered from each region. Migratory birds in South Korea and India originate from two different migratory flyways; therefore cross-transmission of parasite lineages may be less likely. India and Myanmar shared more host species and habitat types compared to South Korea. Comparison between low-elevation habitat in India and Myanmar showed a difference in prevalence of haematozoans.
对来自亚洲三个地区（缅甸、印度和韩国）的699只鸟类的组织样本进行了筛查，以寻找疟原虫属和血变原虫属禽类寄生虫感染的证据。样本采集时间为1994年11月至2004年10月。我们鉴定出241只受感染鸟类（占34.0%）。根据221个阳性样本的细胞色素b基因序列数据，检测到34个不同的疟原虫谱系和41个血变原虫谱系。寄生虫多样性在缅甸最高，其次是印度和韩国。寄生虫流行率在不同地区存在差异，但在宿主科之间没有差异。缅甸和印度之间共有4个疟原虫谱系和1个血变原虫谱系，缅甸和韩国之间仅共有1个疟原虫谱系。印度和韩国之间没有共享的谱系，尽管从每个地区发现的不同谱系数量相等。韩国和印度的候鸟起源于两条不同的迁徙路线；因此，寄生虫谱系的交叉传播可能性可能较小。与韩国相比，印度和缅甸共享更多的宿主物种和栖息地类型。印度和缅甸低海拔栖息地的比较显示出血液内寄生原生动物流行率的差异。
