Studies on egg zona pellucida-binding molecule (ligand) of mouse sperm. I. Sperm maturation and zona-binding ability.

The epididymis has three major regions; the caput, corpus and cauda. Sperm were obtained from each region, and their binding ability to egg zona pellucida was assayed. In the case of intact sperm: cauda sperm bound in high number, corpus sperm bound at an intermediate level (an average of 30% of cauda sperm binding level), and caput sperm bound rarely (1% of cauda sperm binding level). In the case of sperm immobilized by pretreatment with LaCl3, when eggs and sperm were shaken in order to allow them to come into collision with each other, the caput and corpus sperm were able to bind to zona pellucida as well as the caudal sperm could. These results suggest that the difference in binding efficiency of the native caput and corpus sperm to bind to the zona pellucida was not due to a defect in a ligand molecule on the plasma membrane but rather to their lack of motility. When a sperm-egg binding assay was done in the presence of a binding inhibitor of caudal sperm, the binding of caudal sperm was significantly inhibited by fetuin or N-acetylgalactosamine, but the binding of caput and corpus sperm was only slightly inhibited by them. We prepared a plasma membrane fraction from each epididymal sperm, and solubilized it with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Each SDS-solubilizable fraction inhibited the binding of corresponding epididymal sperm to egg zona pellucida but didn't inhibit the binding of sperm from different regions of epididymis. These results suggested that a ligand molecule of caudal sperm was different from that of caput and corpus sperm.