Greenhoot Andrea Follmer, Semb Patricia A
Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2008 Apr;99(4):271-87. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2007.06.005. Epub 2007 Aug 21.
This study investigated whether illustrations facilitate story recall in preschoolers (N=58) 46 to 63 months of age. Each child was exposed to either a verbal story narrative with illustrations (Verbal and Picture condition), the narrative alone (Verbal Only condition), the narrative with uninformative illustrations (Verbal and Irrelevant Picture condition), or the illustrations alone (Picture Only condition). Children recalled the story immediately and after a 1-week delay. With increasing age, the Verbal and Picture group increasingly outperformed the other verbal groups, particularly when recalling central details conveyed by both narrative and illustrations. Performance did not vary among the three verbal groups at lower values of age, whereas the Verbal and Picture group recalled more than the other verbal groups at the older ages. Regardless of age, all verbal groups outperformed the Picture Only group, suggesting that preschoolers are unlikely to spontaneously generate a narrative from pictures alone.
本研究调查了插图是否有助于46至63个月大的学龄前儿童（N = 58）回忆故事。每个孩子分别接触配有插图的口头故事叙述（文字与图片组）、仅口头叙述（仅文字组）、配有无关插图的叙述（文字与无关图片组）或仅插图（仅图片组）。孩子们在听完故事后立即以及在延迟1周后回忆故事。随着年龄的增长，文字与图片组的表现越来越优于其他文字组，尤其是在回忆由叙述和插图共同传达的核心细节时。在年龄较小的时候，三个文字组的表现没有差异，而在年龄较大时，文字与图片组比其他文字组回忆得更多。无论年龄大小，所有文字组的表现都优于仅图片组，这表明学龄前儿童不太可能仅从图片中自发地生成叙述。
