Menard Katrina L, Cognato Anthony I
Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 44823, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2007 Aug;36(4):962-6. doi: 10.1603/0046-225x(2007)36[962:mhdopc]2.0.co;2.
Conophthorus Hopkins attack, oviposit, and feed in immature cones of many pine (Pinus) species. They are a serious pest of pine seed orchards and can destroy up to 100% of the cone crop. Beetles can plague orchards over many years because emerging beetles tend to attack cones of the same or a nearby tree. However, fluctuating pine cone production suggests that beetles may disperse from their natal tree stand to find second-year cones for oviposition. These dispersal behaviors may influence population level genetic diversity, that is, populations may exhibit low or high diversity. In this study, we assess the mitochondrial haplotypic diversity among 10 populations of Conophthorus representing four species. Furthermore, the haplotypic diversities are compared with published haplotypic diversities of other scolytine species to assess the influence of fluctuating food resources on Conophthorus haplotype diversity. Conophthorus haplotypic diversity ranged between 13 and 70%, which was similar to population level haplotypic diversities of other scolytines. The tendency of the emerging brood to reinfest the same tree has little influence on haplotype composition of populations and haplotype diversity is likely more influenced by beetles in search of pine cones.
霍普金斯象鼻虫在许多松属（Pinus）物种的未成熟球果中进行攻击、产卵和取食。它们是松树种子园的严重害虫，可毁掉高达100%的球果作物。甲虫会连年侵扰果园，因为羽化出的甲虫往往会攻击同一棵树或附近树木的球果。然而，松树球果产量的波动表明，甲虫可能会从其出生的林分扩散出去，寻找次年的球果进行产卵。这些扩散行为可能会影响种群水平的遗传多样性，也就是说，种群可能表现出低多样性或高多样性。在本研究中，我们评估了代表四个物种的10个霍普金斯象鼻虫种群的线粒体单倍型多样性。此外，将这些单倍型多样性与已发表的其他小蠹虫物种的单倍型多样性进行比较，以评估波动的食物资源对霍普金斯象鼻虫单倍型多样性的影响。霍普金斯象鼻虫的单倍型多样性在13%至70%之间，这与其他小蠹虫种群水平的单倍型多样性相似。羽化出的幼虫再次侵扰同一棵树的趋势对种群的单倍型组成影响很小，单倍型多样性可能更多地受到寻找松果的甲虫的影响。
