Salehzadeh A, Tavacol P, Mahjub H
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2007 Jun;44(2):105-10.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: To determine the possible role of cockroaches in dissemination of medically important microorganisms, a study was carried out in public hospitals and residential areas of Hamadan city, west of Iran. Bacteria, fungi and parasites of medical importance were isolated and identified. The total number of Blattella germanica collected from hospitals were 133 as the case group. The cockroaches collected from residential areas were 45 as the control group.
A total of 178 cockroaches were collected, over a period of two years (133 from hospitals; and 45 from residential areas) in Hamadan. Medically important microorganisms were isolated from external and internal surfaces using standard methods.
In the case group, 130 out of 133 (98%) Blattella germanica showed contamination with high bacterial load (more than 1 x 10(3)) whereas only 2 out of 45 (4.45%) cockroaches of the control group were carrying medically important bacteria with high bacterial load. Bacteriological examinations revealed that almost all test cockroaches had at least one of the following microorganisms either in their body surface or digestive tract. Enterobacter (22.6%), Klebsiela (21%), Enterococcus (17.3%), Staphylococcus (16.5%), Esherichia coli and Streptococcus (8.3%), Pseudomonas (3%), and also Shigella, Haemophilus and group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus each less than 1%. In addition the results showed (74.4.%) of test cockroaches harboured fungi-Candida (48.9%), Mucor (10.5%), Aspergillus niger (7.5%), Rhizopus (4.5) and also Penicillium and Aspergillus fumigans each 1.5%. Some parasitic worms of medical importance were also isolated from the test cockroaches, but carriage rates were low.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The data from this study emphasise the importance of cockroaches as potential vectors of medically important microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria and fungi in hospital environments.
为确定蟑螂在传播具有医学重要性的微生物方面可能发挥的作用，在伊朗西部哈马丹市的公立医院和居民区开展了一项研究。分离并鉴定了具有医学重要性的细菌、真菌和寄生虫。从医院收集的德国小蠊总数为133只作为病例组。从居民区收集的蟑螂为45只作为对照组。
在哈马丹的两年时间里共收集了178只蟑螂（133只来自医院，45只来自居民区）。采用标准方法从蟑螂体表和体内分离出具有医学重要性的微生物。
在病例组中，133只德国小蠊中有130只（98%）显示受到高细菌载量（超过1×10³）的污染，而对照组的45只蟑螂中只有2只（4.45%）携带具有高细菌载量的具有医学重要性的细菌。细菌学检查显示，几乎所有受试蟑螂在其体表或消化道中至少有一种以下微生物。肠杆菌（22.6%）、克雷伯菌（21%）、肠球菌（17.3%）、葡萄球菌（16.5%）、大肠杆菌和链球菌（8.3%）、假单胞菌（3%），还有志贺菌、嗜血杆菌和A组β溶血性链球菌各少于1%。此外，结果显示（74.4%）受试蟑螂携带真菌——念珠菌（48.9%）、毛霉（10.5%）、黑曲霉（7.5%）、根霉（4.5%），还有青霉和烟曲霉各1.5%。还从受试蟑螂中分离出一些具有医学重要性的寄生虫，但携带率较低。
本研究数据强调了蟑螂作为医院环境中致病细菌和真菌等具有医学重要性的微生物潜在传播媒介的重要性。
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