Schleis Thomas G
Department of Medical Affairs, Octapharma USA, Centreville, Virginia 20120, USA.
Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Sep;27(9):1313-21. doi: 10.1592/phco.27.9.1313.
Maltose, a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules, is used in a number of biological preparations as a stabilizing agent or osmolality regulator. Icodextrin, which is converted to maltose, is present in a peritoneal dialysis solution. Galactose and xylose are found in some foods, herbs, and dietary supplements; they are also used in diagnostic tests. When some blood glucose monitoring systems are used--specifically, those that use test strips containing the enzymes glucose dehydrogenase-pyrroloquinolinequinone or glucose dye oxidoreductase--in patients receiving maltose, icodextrin, galactose, or xylose, interference of blood glucose levels can occur. Maltose, icodextrin, galactose, and xylose are misinterpreted as glucose, which can result in erroneously elevated serum glucose levels. This interference can result in the administration of insulin, which may lead to hypoglycemia. In severe cases of hypoglycemia, deaths have occurred. If patients are receiving maltose, icodextrin, galactose, or xylose, clinicians must review the package inserts of all test strips to determine the type of glucose monitoring system being used and to use only those systems whose tests strips contain glucose oxidase, glucose dehydrogenase-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, or glucose dehydrogenase-flavin adenine dinucleotide.
麦芽糖是一种由两个葡萄糖分子组成的二糖，在许多生物制剂中用作稳定剂或渗透压调节剂。可被转化为麦芽糖的艾考糊精存在于腹膜透析液中。半乳糖和木糖存在于一些食物、草药和膳食补充剂中；它们也用于诊断测试。当在接受麦芽糖、艾考糊精、半乳糖或木糖的患者中使用某些血糖监测系统时，具体而言，那些使用含有葡萄糖脱氢酶-吡咯并喹啉醌或葡萄糖染料氧化还原酶的测试条的系统，可能会出现血糖水平干扰。麦芽糖、艾考糊精、半乳糖和木糖会被误判为葡萄糖，这可能导致血清葡萄糖水平错误升高。这种干扰可能导致注射胰岛素，进而可能导致低血糖。在严重的低血糖病例中，已经发生过死亡事件。如果患者正在接受麦芽糖、艾考糊精、半乳糖或木糖治疗，临床医生必须查看所有测试条的包装说明书，以确定所使用的血糖监测系统类型，并且只能使用那些测试条含有葡萄糖氧化酶、葡萄糖脱氢酶-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸或葡萄糖脱氢酶-黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸的系统。
