Leander Lina, Christianson Sven A, Svedin Carl Göran, Granhag Pär Anders
Department of Psychology, Göteborg University, Sweden.
J Psychol. 2007 Jul;141(4):341-57. doi: 10.3200/JRLP.141.4.341-358.
The authors examined Swedish judges', lay judges', and police officers' beliefs about factors that may complicate or facilitate children's reports of sexual abuse. Participants (N = 562) rated potential complicating and facilitating factors and freely reported which criteria they considered important when assessing the reliability of child witnesses. The groups had similar opinions regarding which factors are complicating and facilitating. Furthermore, the groups tended to regard emotional factors as more complicating than cognitive factors. When freely reporting criteria that are important when assessing reliability, judges and police officers reported criteria pertaining mainly to the child, whereas lay judges reported mainly criteria pertaining mainly to the police interview. Results indicate that participants believe that children have the capacity to remember and report about abuse but are hindered in doing so by emotional factors. Results also suggest that police officers may underestimate their own influence on the reliability of children's reports.
作者研究了瑞典法官、非专业法官和警察对于可能使儿童性虐待报告变得复杂或容易的因素的看法。参与者（N = 562）对潜在的复杂因素和促进因素进行了评分，并自由报告了他们在评估儿童证人的可靠性时认为重要的标准。在哪些因素是复杂因素和促进因素方面，这些群体有相似的看法。此外，这些群体倾向于认为情感因素比认知因素更具复杂性。在自由报告评估可靠性时重要的标准时，法官和警察报告的标准主要与儿童有关，而非专业法官报告的主要是与警方询问有关的标准。结果表明，参与者认为儿童有能力记住并报告虐待情况，但情感因素阻碍了他们这样做。结果还表明，警察可能低估了他们自身对儿童报告可靠性的影响。
