Northmore D P, Granda A M
Department of Psychology, University of Delaware, Newark 19716.
Vis Neurosci. 1991 Dec;7(6):627-35. doi: 10.1017/s0952523800010415.
Measurements were made of the ocular dimensions from living and frozen eyes of one species of freshwater turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans, and of three species of marine turtles, Chelonia mydas, Dermochelys cariacea, and Eretmochelys imbricata. Estimates of refractive error by retinoscopy were also obtained with eyes in air and under water. The results suggest that unaccommodated eyes of all four species are approximately emmetropic in air but strongly hyperopic in water. Schematic eyes were calculated for each species in both air and water.
对一种淡水龟（滑龟锦龟指名亚种）以及三种海龟（绿海龟、棱皮龟和玳瑁）的活体和冷冻眼睛进行了眼部尺寸测量。还通过检影验光法在空气中和水下对眼睛进行了屈光不正估计。结果表明，所有这四个物种的未调节眼睛在空气中近似正视，但在水中则为高度远视。计算了每个物种在空气和水中的简化眼。
