Short J E, Edwards J P
Agricultural Development Advisory Service, Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food, Slough.
Med Vet Entomol. 1991 Oct;5(4):385-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1991.tb00566.x.
At 27 degrees C and 45% r.h. in the laboratory, the oriental cockroach Blatta orientalis (L.) developed to adulthood in seven to nine instars for males (66% had eight instars) and eight to ten instars for females (67% had nine instars) in mixed groups, with up to twelve instars for isolated females. Nymphal development lasted 185 +/- 2 days for males, 216 +/- 4 days for females, with 89% survival to adulthood. Adult longevity was significantly more for males than females in mixed groups. Virgin females lived for 135 +/- 6 days compared with 87 +/- 9 days for females kept with males. After an initial maturation time of 12.2-13.5 +/- 0.4 days for mated and unmated females, oothecae were produced, on average, every 6-7 (range 2-29) days. Ootheca viability was 68% from females kept with males, 32% from females kept apart from males. Numbers of nymphs emerging were 14.1 +/- 0.26 after 45 days from mated female oothecae 8.2 +/- 0.3 after 49 days from unmated females. With sexual reproduction the sex ratio of progeny reaching adulthood was 1.1 males per female (n = 443), whereas unmated females produced only female progency, which is consistent with parthenogenetic reproduction. Drawings of the ventral aspect of the terminalia are given to show features useful for instar determination and for distinguishing between male and female nymphs and adults of B. orientalis.
在实验室27摄氏度、相对湿度45%的条件下，东方蜚蠊（Blatta orientalis (L.)）在混合群体中，雄性若虫发育至成虫需经历七至九龄（66%为八龄），雌性需八至十龄（67%为九龄），单独饲养的雌性若虫最多可达十二龄。雄性若虫发育历时185±2天，雌性为216±4天，若虫到成虫的存活率为89%。在混合群体中，雄性成虫的寿命显著长于雌性。未交配的雌性存活135±6天，与雄性一起饲养的雌性存活87±9天。交配和未交配的雌性最初的成熟时间为12.2 - 13.5±0.4天，之后平均每6 - 7天（范围2 - 29天）产一次卵鞘。与雄性一起饲养的雌性所产卵鞘的孵化率为68%，单独饲养的雌性所产卵鞘的孵化率为32%。交配后的雌性卵鞘在45天后孵出若虫数量为14.1±0.26只，未交配的雌性在49天后孵出若虫数量为8.2±0.3只。通过有性生殖，发育至成虫的后代性别比为每只雌性对应1.1只雄性（n = 443），而未交配的雌性只产生雌性后代，这与孤雌生殖一致。文中给出了外生殖器腹面的图示，以展示有助于确定龄期以及区分东方蜚蠊雄性和雌性若虫及成虫的特征。
