Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, CA 92521-0314, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2013 Dec;106(6):2428-32. doi: 10.1603/ec13052.
The Turkestan cockroach, Blatta lateralis (Walker), has become an important invasive species throughout the southwestern United States and has been reported in the southern United States. It is rapidly replacing the oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis (L.), in urban areas of the southwestern United States as the most important peri-domestic species. They typically inhabit in-ground containers such as water meter, irrigation, and electrical boxes, raises of concrete, cracks and crevices, and hollow block walls. On occasion, they will invade dwellings. At 26.7 degrees C, male and female nymphs developed into adults in an average of 222 and 224 d, respectively. Both males and females had five nymphal instars. Adult females deposited up to 25 oothecae. The oothecae averaged 16.8 eggs and 13.9 nymphs emerged per egg capsule, resulting in an 82.7% hatch rate. Adults lived for at least 612 d. Two parameters that might contribute to the success of Turkestan cockroaches compared with oriental cockroaches are that the developmental period of the nymphs of Turkestan cockroaches are shorter and adult female Turkestan cockroaches produce considerably more oothecae than do oriental cockroaches. These may explain the observations by Pest Management Professionals that Turkestan cockroaches are displacing oriental cockroaches in outdoor habitats throughout the southwestern United States.
荒漠蟑螂，也称美洲大蠊，已成为美国西南部的一种重要入侵物种，并已在美国南部报告发现。它正在迅速取代东方蟑螂，成为美国西南部城市地区最重要的周边物种。它们通常栖息在地下容器中，如水表、灌溉和电力箱、混凝土凸起、裂缝和缝隙以及空心砌块墙。有时，它们会入侵住宅。在 26.7°C 的温度下，雌雄若虫分别平均需要 222 和 224 天发育为成虫。雌雄两性均有五个若虫龄期。成年雌性可产下多达 25 个卵鞘。每个卵鞘平均有 16.8 个卵，有 13.9 个若虫孵化，孵化率为 82.7%。成虫的寿命至少为 612 天。与东方蟑螂相比，荒漠蟑螂的两个可能有助于其成功的参数是，荒漠蟑螂的若虫发育周期较短，成年雌性荒漠蟑螂产生的卵鞘数量明显多于东方蟑螂。这或许可以解释害虫管理专业人员的观察结果，即荒漠蟑螂正在取代美国西南部户外栖息地的东方蟑螂。
