Potential sources of artefact in the co-axial bioassay.

The apparent release of relaxant activity from airway epithelium (epithelium-derived relaxing factor, EpDRF) has been examined in a co-axial bioassay system. The endothelium-denuded rat aorta, placed inside either the epithelium-intact guinea-pig trachea or rabbit bronchus relaxed in response to acetylcholine. In a modification of the standard preparation, the airway was slit longitudinally and immobilised inside a silicone rubber tube. Under these conditions, the acetylcholine-induced relaxation was abolished. Under the conditions of the co-axial bioassay, the oxygen tension in the lumen of either airway tube was lower than that of the bathing fluid. Upon addition of acetylcholine at concentrations which caused relaxation in the co-axial bioassay, the oxygen tension inside the epithelium-intact, but not the epithelium-denuded guinea-pig trachea was depressed to levels which would have affected the contractile response of a rat aorta. We suggest that the assay of relaxant activity from airways using co-axial preparations may be complicated by changes in volume and oxygen tension in the lumen of the donor airway and discuss how such problems might be avoided.