Wu X Z, Ocko B M, Sirota E B, Sinha S K, Deutsch M, Cao B H, Kim M W
Science. 1993 Aug 20;261(5124):1018-21. doi: 10.1126/science.261.5124.1018.
Surface tension measurements reveal surface freezing in liquid n-alkanes. A solid monolayer of molecules is found to exist up to 30 degrees C above the bulk freezing point. This surface phase exists only for carbon numbers 14 n </= 50. The measured carbon number and temperature dependence of the surface tension is interpreted within a simple thermodynamical model based on known bulk latent heat data and surface energy considerations. The vanishing of the surface phase for n </= 14 is a possible transition from surface freezing to surface melting behavior.
表面张力测量揭示了液态正构烷烃中的表面冻结现象。发现直到比体相凝固点高30摄氏度时，都存在一个分子的固体单分子层。这种表面相仅在碳数14≤n≤50时存在。基于已知的体相潜热数据和表面能考虑，在一个简单的热力学模型中对测量得到的表面张力的碳数和温度依赖性进行了解释。对于n≤14时表面相的消失，是从表面冻结到表面熔化行为的一种可能转变。
