Osborne A R, Burch T L
Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):451-60. doi: 10.1126/science.208.4443.451.
The solitary wave is a localized hydrodynamic phenomenon that can occur because of a balance between nonlinear cohesive and linear dispersive forces in a fluid. It has been shown theoretically, and observed experimentally, that some solitary waves have properties analogous to those of elementary particles, and the waves have therefore been named solitons. During a measurement program in the Andaman Sea near northern Sumatra, large-amplitude, long internal waves were observed with associated surface waves called tide rips. Using theoretical results from the physics of nonlinear waves, it is shown that the internal waves are solitons and their interactions with surface waves are described.
孤立波是一种局部水动力现象，它可能由于流体中非线性内聚力和线性色散力之间的平衡而产生。理论上已经证明，并且通过实验观察到，一些孤立波具有与基本粒子类似的性质，因此这些波被称为孤子。在苏门答腊岛北部附近的安达曼海进行的一项测量计划中，观测到了大振幅、长内波以及与之相关的被称为潮裂的表面波。利用非线性波物理学的理论结果表明，这些内波是孤子，并描述了它们与表面波的相互作用。
