Milio N
School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Scand J Soc Med. 1991 Dec;19(4):209-17.
For a variety of health, economic and social reasons, many countries are increasingly concerned about diet-related health problems impairing the quality and length of life. This article presents an analysis of the implementation of food and nutrition policies in Finland and Norway which are intended to address both the supply and demand aspects of food and dietary issues. The purpose was to identify policy problems and illustrate ways they have been addressed in order to be useful to other countries involved in developing such policies. The paper is based on on-site studies conducted in 1990, 1987, and 1980. Major findings indicate mixed progress due in part to problems in implementation. These include: development of an effective strategic capacity for planning, advocacy, coordination, and evaluation; integration into the health services system and other policy sectors; development of decentralized infrastructure for deploying policy; accuracy in public information on food and nutrition; the use of government market power, and social equity in the distribution of policy benefits and costs.
出于各种健康、经济和社会原因，许多国家越来越关注与饮食相关的健康问题对生活质量和寿命的损害。本文对芬兰和挪威的食品与营养政策实施情况进行了分析，这些政策旨在解决食品和饮食问题的供应与需求两个方面。目的是识别政策问题，并说明解决这些问题的方式，以便对其他制定此类政策的国家有所帮助。本文基于1990年、1987年和1980年进行的实地研究。主要研究结果表明进展参差不齐，部分原因是实施过程中存在问题。这些问题包括：发展有效的战略规划、宣传、协调和评估能力；融入卫生服务体系和其他政策部门；发展分散化的政策实施基础设施；食品与营养方面公共信息的准确性；政府市场力量的运用，以及政策利益和成本分配中的社会公平性。
