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使用卷积叠加计算对蒙特卡罗剂量分布进行去噪

The denoising of Monte Carlo dose distributions using convolution superposition calculations.

作者信息

El Naqa I, Cui J, Lindsay P, Olivera G, Deasy J O

机构信息

Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.

出版信息

Phys Med Biol. 2007 Sep 7;52(17):N375-85. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/52/17/N02. Epub 2007 Aug 9.

Abstract

Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculations can be accurate but are also computationally intensive. In contrast, convolution superposition (CS) offers faster and smoother results but by making approximations. We investigated MC denoising techniques, which use available convolution superposition results and new noise filtering methods to guide and accelerate MC calculations. Two main approaches were developed to combine CS information with MC denoising. In the first approach, the denoising result is iteratively updated by adding the denoised residual difference between the result and the MC image. Multi-scale methods were used (wavelets or contourlets) for denoising the residual. The iterations are initialized by the CS data. In the second approach, we used a frequency splitting technique by quadrature filtering to combine low frequency components derived from MC simulations with high frequency components derived from CS components. The rationale is to take the scattering tails as well as dose levels in the high-dose region from the MC calculations, which presumably more accurately incorporates scatter; high-frequency details are taken from CS calculations. 3D Butterworth filters were used to design the quadrature filters. The methods were demonstrated using anonymized clinical lung and head and neck cases. The MC dose distributions were calculated by the open-source dose planning method MC code with varying noise levels. Our results indicate that the frequency-splitting technique for incorporating CS-guided MC denoising is promising in terms of computational efficiency and noise reduction.

摘要

蒙特卡罗(MC)剂量计算可以很准确,但计算量也很大。相比之下,卷积叠加(CS)能提供更快且更平滑的结果,但这是通过近似计算实现的。我们研究了MC去噪技术,该技术利用现有的卷积叠加结果和新的噪声滤波方法来指导和加速MC计算。开发了两种主要方法来将CS信息与MC去噪相结合。在第一种方法中,通过将结果与MC图像之间的去噪残差差异相加来迭代更新去噪结果。使用多尺度方法(小波或轮廓波)对残差进行去噪。迭代由CS数据初始化。在第二种方法中,我们使用了一种通过正交滤波的频率分割技术,将MC模拟得到的低频分量与CS分量得到的高频分量相结合。其基本原理是从MC计算中获取散射尾部以及高剂量区域的剂量水平,这可能更准确地纳入了散射;高频细节则取自CS计算。使用3D巴特沃斯滤波器来设计正交滤波器。通过匿名的临床肺部以及头颈部病例对这些方法进行了验证。通过具有不同噪声水平的开源剂量规划方法MC代码计算MC剂量分布。我们的结果表明,用于纳入CS引导的MC去噪的频率分割技术在计算效率和降噪方面很有前景。

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