Li Zhi, Liu Wen-zhao, Yang Qin-ke, Liang Wei, Li Shuang-jiang, Gan Zhuo-ting, Wang Bing, Wang Rui
Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2007 Jun;18(6):1299-304.
Based on land use data of 1994 and 2004 in Wangdonggou watershed, through developing dynamic model of LUCC and indices of regional ecological environment, this paper quantified the characteristics of LUCC and its ecological effect. The results showed that from 1994 to 2004, farmland decreased while grassland and orchard increased greatly, forest and nonproductive land changed little. The speed of individual land use changes was in the order of grassland > orchard > nonproductive land > farmland > forest land. As to the spatial change, a total of 11 major land use change types were identified, among which the change from farmland to others and form others to forest were the most important land use change. The gravitational center of farmland and orchard moved to the northwest tableland, while those of forest land and grassland moved to the southeast gully land. From 1994 to 2004, owing to LUCC, the ecological environment was improved, but the type of land use and their change took effect differently with both improving and decreasing effect. The decrease of farmland affected ecological environment negatively, while the increase of forest and grassland and orchard improved the ecological environment and its ecosystem service values. Those improving the ecological environment were from other types of land use to forest and orchard, while those worsening the ecological environment were from forest to others and from farmland to nonproductive land.
基于王东沟流域1994年和2004年的土地利用数据，通过建立土地利用/覆被变化（LUCC）动态模型和区域生态环境指标，本文对LUCC特征及其生态效应进行了量化。结果表明，1994年至2004年期间，农田面积减少，草地和果园面积大幅增加，林地和非生产性用地变化较小。各土地利用类型变化速度依次为草地＞果园＞非生产性用地＞农田＞林地。在空间变化方面，共识别出11种主要土地利用变化类型，其中农田向其他用地类型的转变以及其他用地类型向林地的转变是最重要的土地利用变化。农田和果园的重心向西北塬地移动，而林地和草地的重心向东南沟壑区移动。1994年至2004年期间，由于LUCC，生态环境得到改善，但土地利用类型及其变化的影响效果各异，既有改善作用，也有减弱作用。农田面积减少对生态环境产生负面影响，而林地、草地和果园面积增加则改善了生态环境及其生态系统服务价值。改善生态环境的变化是从其他土地利用类型向林地和果园的转变，而恶化生态环境的变化是从林地向其他用地类型的转变以及从农田向非生产性用地的转变。
