Kanzaki Luis Isamu Barros, Ornelas Socrates Souza, Argañaraz Enrique R
Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Rev Med Virol. 2008 Jan-Feb;18(1):5-18. doi: 10.1002/rmv.553.
Life-prolonging antiretroviral therapy remarkably reduces viral load, but it does not eradicate the virus. An important obstacle preventing virus clearance is the presence of latent virion reservoirs in the host. However, new promising antiviral approaches are emerging, and a number of host cell factors involved in the disease progression and control of HIV-1 replication have been recently discovered. For instance, the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism, besides many functions conserved throughout evolution, works as a defence mechanism against noxious transcripts which may provide a new tool to block viral replication. The recent definition of basic RNAi mechanisms, as well as the discovery of micro RNAs (microRNAs) encoded by the host cell genome and by HIV-1, also suggest that RNAi may be involved in the control of HIV replication.
延长生命的抗逆转录病毒疗法能显著降低病毒载量，但无法根除病毒。阻止病毒清除的一个重要障碍是宿主中存在潜伏病毒库。然而，新的有前景的抗病毒方法正在出现，并且最近发现了许多参与HIV-1复制疾病进展和控制的宿主细胞因子。例如，RNA干扰（RNAi）机制除了在整个进化过程中保守的许多功能外，还作为一种针对有害转录本的防御机制，这可能为阻断病毒复制提供一种新工具。最近对基本RNAi机制的定义，以及宿主细胞基因组和HIV-1编码的微小RNA（microRNA）的发现，也表明RNAi可能参与HIV复制的控制。
