智利奇廉市青少年对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的认知情况。
Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among adolescents in Chillán, Chile.
作者信息
Pérez V Ruth, Barrales C Ingrid, Jara P Jenny, Palma R Virla, Ceballos M Alejandra
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics and Perinatalogy, Medical School of Concepción University, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
出版信息
Midwifery. 2008 Dec;24(4):503-8. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2007.01.003. Epub 2007 Sep 4.
OBJECTIVE
to analyse adolescents' knowledge of preventive sexual practices related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) by means of a questionnaire recommended by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS).
METHOD
non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical investigation.
SETTING
four schools in Chillán, Chile, 2005.
PARTICIPANTS
a total of 480 adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years. Students completed a questionnaire recommended by UNAIDS in order to develop basic indicators.
FINDINGS
the indicator of preventive sexual practices related to HIV/AIDS was 32.5%; forms of prevention (62.5%) were better known than erroneous ideas about transmission (46%). Adolescents from the only private school in the study demonstrated greater knowledge (43.3%) than students from the public schools (25%) (p<0.01). No significant differences were found in knowledge according to age, sex or educational level.
CONCLUSION
adolescents have poor knowledge of preventive sexual practices related to HIV and AIDS. It is necessary to implement an indicator of knowledge that allows for the creation and monitoring of sexual education programmes.
目的
通过联合国艾滋病规划署（UNAIDS）推荐的问卷，分析青少年对与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）相关的预防性性行为的认知情况。
方法
非实验性、横断面、描述性和分析性调查。
地点
2005年，智利奇廉市的四所学校。
参与者
共有480名年龄在15至19岁之间的青少年。学生们完成了UNAIDS推荐的问卷，以制定基本指标。
结果
与HIV/AIDS相关的预防性性行为指标为32.5%；预防方式（62.5%）比关于传播的错误观念（46%）更为人所知。研究中唯一的私立学校的青少年表现出比公立学校的学生（25%）更高的认知水平（43.3%）（p<0.01）。根据年龄、性别或教育水平，在认知方面未发现显著差异。
结论
青少年对与HIV和AIDS相关的预防性性行为的认知较差。有必要实施一个知识指标，以便创建和监测性教育项目。
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