Newman C, DuRant R H, Ashworth C S, Gaillard G
Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Winter;5(4):327-39.
This study evaluated the efficacy of a school-based AIDS/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) education program on 6th and 7th grade students. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, a control group and an education group (intervention I) received both pretest and posttest questionnaires and a second education group (intervention II) was posttested only. Students were evaluated using a modified version of the Centers for Disease Control's Health Risk Survey. Students who received AIDS education were less likely (p < or = 0.0001) than the control group to report that they had changed their behavior to avoid getting AIDS, but thought they had a greater (p < or = 0.0002) chance of acquiring AIDS as an adult. In the intervention I group, males who had never received prior AIDS instruction were more worried about acquiring AIDS as an adult (p < or = 0.013). In the intervention II group, the education had a significant impact on the level of knowledge about AIDS/HIV infection (p < or = 0.0003) and the degree of tolerance toward students with AIDS (p < or = 0.0008), but the effect was not greater than the learning that occurred in the other 2 groups from testing alone. Students who were pretested were also less worried that they had been exposed to AIDS (p < or = 0.0001), more worried that they would die if they acquired AIDS (p < or = 0.05), and less likely to think AIDS patients should be isolated (p < or = 0.0005). Although this AIDS education program appeared to be moderately successful in this group of younger adolescents, significant learning also occurred fro testing alone.
本研究评估了一项针对六年级和七年级学生的校内艾滋病/人体免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)教育项目的效果。采用准实验前测-后测对照组设计,一个对照组和一个教育组(干预I)接受了前测和后测问卷,另一个教育组(干预II)仅接受了后测。使用美国疾病控制中心健康风险调查的修改版对学生进行评估。接受艾滋病教育的学生比对照组报告为避免感染艾滋病而改变行为的可能性更小(p≤0.0001),但认为自己成年后感染艾滋病的可能性更大(p≤0.0002)。在干预I组中,从未接受过艾滋病相关指导的男性更担心成年后感染艾滋病(p≤0.013)。在干预II组中,该教育对艾滋病/HIV感染知识水平(p≤0.0003)和对艾滋病学生的宽容程度(p≤0.0008)有显著影响,但效果不大于仅通过测试在其他两组中发生的学习效果。接受前测的学生也不太担心自己接触过艾滋病(p≤0.0001),更担心如果感染艾滋病会死亡(p≤0.05),并且不太可能认为艾滋病患者应该被隔离(p≤0.0005)。尽管这个艾滋病教育项目在这群青少年中似乎取得了一定程度的成功,但仅通过测试也发生了显著的学习。