Ahrens T S
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 1991 Dec;3(4):629-39.
Interpreting hemodynamic waveforms in the critically ill patient requires an understanding of the influence of breathing on waveform values. Included in this understanding is differentiating between physiologic changes associated with breathing and artifact associated with an atmospheric (not pleural) referenced transducer system. Techniques such as airway pressure measurement can aid the clinician in the identification of specific points in the respiratory cycle. This article provided a review of the major respiratory factors influencing waveform values, both physiologic and artifactual. Application of principles outlined in this article should improve the accuracy associated with interpreting hemodynamic waveforms.
解读危重症患者的血流动力学波形需要了解呼吸对波形值的影响。这种理解包括区分与呼吸相关的生理变化和与大气（而非胸膜）参考换能器系统相关的伪差。气道压力测量等技术可帮助临床医生识别呼吸周期中的特定点。本文综述了影响波形值的主要呼吸因素，包括生理因素和伪差因素。应用本文所述的原则应可提高解读血流动力学波形的准确性。
