Anderson M R, Mattes B R, Reiss H, Kaner R B
Science. 1991 Jun 7;252(5011):1412-5. doi: 10.1126/science.252.5011.1412.
Permeabilities for a series of gases through free-standing films of the conjugated polymer polyaniline are reported. A remarkable selectivity has been achieved for important gas pairs incuding hydrogen-nitrogen, oxygen-nitrogen, and carbon dioxide-methane. The selectivity values of 3590 for H(2)/N(2), 30 for O(2)/N(2), and 336 for CO(2)/CH(4) surpass the highest previously reported values of 313, 16, and 60 for the nonconjugated polymers poly(trifluorochloroethylene), cellulose nitrate, and a fluorinated polyimide, respectively. The process for tailoring gas selectivity of a polyaniline membrane involves first enhancing the permeabilities of gases with small diameters [<3.5 angstroms (A)] by doping and undoping the polymer film with counterions of an appropriate size. High selectivities are then achieved by decreasing the permeabilities of larger gases (>3.5 A diameter) through controlled redoping of the polymer. The permanent morphological changes induced in this conjugated polymer system and others indicate the potential for development of universal membranes for gas separations.
本文报道了一系列气体透过共轭聚合物聚苯胺自支撑膜的渗透率。对于包括氢-氮、氧-氮和二氧化碳-甲烷在内的重要气体对，已实现了显著的选择性。H₂/N₂的选择性值为3590，O₂/N₂为30，CO₂/CH₄为336，分别超过了之前报道的非共轭聚合物聚（三氟氯乙烯）、硝酸纤维素和氟化聚酰亚胺的最高值313、16和60。调整聚苯胺膜气体选择性的过程包括首先通过用适当尺寸的抗衡离子对聚合物膜进行掺杂和去掺杂来提高小直径气体[<3.5埃（Å）]的渗透率。然后通过对聚合物进行受控再掺杂来降低较大气体（直径>3.5 Å）的渗透率，从而实现高选择性。在这种共轭聚合物体系和其他体系中引起的永久性形态变化表明了开发用于气体分离的通用膜的潜力。
