Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):252-4. doi: 10.1126/science.201.4352.252.
Major negative oxygen isotopic anomalies in planktonic foraminifera are associated with deep-sea anoxic mud layers (sapropels) deposited 9000 and 80,000 years ago in the eastern Mediterranean. The isotopic depletion in surface-dwelling foraminifera is significantly greater than in mesopelagic foraminifera. This difference in isotopic response suggests that surface-water salinities were drastically reduced during times of sapropel formation, possibly as the result of meltwater runoff from the Fennoscandian ice sheet into the eastern Mediterranean by way of the Black and Aegean seas.
浮游有孔虫的主要负氧同位素异常与 9000 年前和 8 万年前在东地中海形成的深海缺氧泥层（海相页岩）有关。表层浮游有孔虫的同位素亏损明显大于中层浮游有孔虫。这种同位素响应的差异表明，在海相页岩形成过程中，表层水的盐度急剧降低，这可能是由于来自北欧斯堪的纳维亚冰盖的融水通过黑海和爱琴海流入东地中海。
