Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):516-9. doi: 10.1126/science.257.5069.516.
Supercooled droplets in cirrus uncinus cell heads between -40 degrees and -50 degrees C are identified from Project FIRE [First ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project) Regional Experiment] polarization lidar measurements. Although short-lived, complexes of these small liquid cells seem to have contributed importantly to the formation of the cirrus. Freezing-point depression effects in solution droplets, apparently resulting from relatively large cloud condensation nuclei of volcanic origin, can be used to explain this rare phenomenon. An unrecognized volcano-cirrus cloud climate feedback mechanism is implied by these findings.
在 -40 摄氏度至-50 摄氏度之间的卷云钩状头部的过冷液滴是从项目 FIRE（第一次国际卫星云气候学计划（ISCCP）区域实验）偏振激光雷达测量中识别出来的。尽管这些小液滴的存在时间很短，但它们似乎对卷云的形成起了重要作用。溶液液滴中的冰点降低效应，显然是由于相对较大的火山起源的云凝结核引起的，可以用来解释这种罕见的现象。这些发现暗示了一种未被认识的火山-卷云云气候反馈机制。
