Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):623-6. doi: 10.1126/science.216.4546.623.
High calcium ion and low magnesium ion concentrations in sediment pore waters in cores from the Galápagos Mounds Hydrothermal Field on the flank of the Galápagos Spreading Center are believed to be due to a calcium-magnesium exchange reaction between circulating seawater and basement basalt. The nonlinearity of the calcium ion and magnesium ion gradients indicates that these discharging hydrothermal solutions on the ridge flank are upwelling at the rate of about 1 centimeter per year through the pelagic sediments of the Mounds Field and at about 20 centimeters per year through the hydrothermal mounds themselves.
高钙离子和低镁离子浓度在加拉帕戈斯海隆侧翼的加拉帕戈斯海隆热液场岩芯的沉积孔隙水中被认为是由于循环海水和基底玄武岩之间的钙镁交换反应所致。钙离子和镁离子梯度的非线性表明，这些在脊侧翼排放的热液溶液以每年约 1 厘米的速度通过海隆场的远洋沉积物上升，并且以每年约 20 厘米的速度通过热液丘本身上升。
