Science. 1994 Sep 9;265(5178):1568-70. doi: 10.1126/science.265.5178.1568.
Data on the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) in the surface waters from a large number of lakes (1835) with a worldwide distribution show that only a small proportion of the 4665 samples analyzed (less than 10 percent) were within +/-20 percent of equilibrium with the atmosphere and that most samples (87 percent) were supersaturated. The mean partial pressure of CO(2) averaged 1036 microatmospheres, about three times the value in the overlying atmosphere, indicating that lakes are sources rather than sinks of atmospheric CO(2). On a global scale, the potential efflux of CO(2) from lakes (about 0.14 x 10(15) grams of carbon per year) is about half as large as riverine transport of organic plus inorganic carbon to the ocean. Lakes are a small but potentially important conduit for carbon from terrestrial sources to the atmospheric sink.
来自全球范围内大量湖泊（1835 个）的表层水二氧化碳（CO2）分压数据表明，在所分析的 4665 个样本中，仅有一小部分（不到 10%）与大气处于平衡状态，且正负 20%以内，而大多数样本（87%）处于过饱和状态。CO2 的平均分压为 1036 微大气压，约为上层大气中 CO2 值的三倍，这表明湖泊是大气 CO2 的源而不是汇。从全球范围来看，湖泊释放 CO2 的潜力（每年约为 0.14x1015 克碳）大约是有机和无机碳经河流向海洋输送的一半。湖泊是从陆地源向大气汇输送碳的一个虽小但具有潜在重要性的渠道。
