Brix H, Koottatep T, Laugesen C H
Aarhus University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8000 Arhus C, Denmark.
Water Sci Technol. 2007;56(3):69-74. doi: 10.2166/wst.2007.528.
The tsunami of December 2004 destroyed infrastructure in many coastal areas in South-East Asia. In January 2005, the Danish Government gave a tsunami relief grant to Thailand to re-establish the wastewater management services in some of the areas affected by the tsunami. This paper describes the systems which have been built at three locations: (a) Baan Pru Teau: A newly-built township for tsunami victims which was constructed with the contribution of the Thai Red Cross. Conventional septic tanks were installed for the treatment of blackwater from each household and its effluent and grey water (40 m3/day) are collected and treated at a 220 m2 subsurface flow constructed wetland. (b) Koh Phi Phi Don island: A wastewater collection system for the main business and hotel area of the island, a pumping station and a pressure pipe to the treatment facility, a multi-stage constructed wetland system and a system for reuse of treated wastewater. The constructed wetland system (capacity 400 m3/day) consists of vertical flow, horizontal subsurface flow, free water surface flow and pond units. Because the treatment plant is surrounded by resorts, restaurants and shops, the constructed wetland systems are designed with terrains as scenic landscaping. (c) Patong: A 5,000 m2 constructed wetland system has been established to treat polluted water from drainage canals which collect overflow from septic tanks and grey water from residential areas. It is envisaged that these three systems will serve as prototype demonstration systems for appropriate wastewater management in Thailand and other tropical countries.
2004年12月的海啸摧毁了东南亚许多沿海地区的基础设施。2005年1月，丹麦政府向泰国提供了海啸救济赠款，用于在一些受海啸影响的地区重建废水管理服务。本文介绍了在三个地点建造的系统：(a)班普鲁陶：一个为海啸受害者新建的城镇，由泰国红十字会出资建造。安装了传统化粪池，用于处理每户的黑水，其污水和灰水（40立方米/天）被收集起来，并在一个220平方米的潜流人工湿地中进行处理。(b)皮皮岛：该岛主要商业区和酒店区的废水收集系统、一个泵站和一条通往处理设施的压力管道、一个多级人工湿地系统以及一个处理后废水回用系统。人工湿地系统（处理能力400立方米/天）由垂直流、水平潜流、自由水面流和池塘单元组成。由于处理厂周围环绕着度假村、餐馆和商店，人工湿地系统设计成具有景观美化功能的地形。(c)芭东：已建立一个5000平方米的人工湿地系统，用于处理排水渠中的污水，这些排水渠收集化粪池溢出的污水和居民区的灰水。预计这三个系统将成为泰国和其他热带国家适当废水管理的原型示范系统。
