Erlemann R, Wuisman P, Just A, Peters P E
Institut für Radiologie, St. Johannes Hospital Duisburg-Hamborn.
Radiologe. 1991 Dec;31(12):601-8.
Knowledge of the normal development of the ankle joint is mandatory to understand the mechanism of injuries in children and adolescents. Some fractures (juvenile Tillaux's or two-fragment triplane fracture) occur only within a particular period of growth, which is determined by the degree of epiphyseal fusion. Tarsal coalitions are the deformities seen most frequently. Special radiographic techniques must be applied for the diagnosis. Ball and socket joint, tibiotalar slant and Trevor's disease are rare deformities, each of which is associated with a pathognomonic radiographic pattern. Some typical joint deformities may be seen in patients with neuromuscular disease. This has to be considered when nothing else is found in the clinical history.
了解踝关节的正常发育对于理解儿童和青少年的损伤机制至关重要。一些骨折（青少年Tillaux骨折或双骨折块三平面骨折）仅发生在特定的生长时期，这由骨骺融合程度决定。跗骨联合是最常见的畸形。诊断必须应用特殊的放射学技术。球窝关节、胫距倾斜和Trevor病是罕见的畸形，每种畸形都有其特征性的放射学表现。神经肌肉疾病患者可能会出现一些典型的关节畸形。当临床病史中未发现其他异常时，必须考虑到这一点。
