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与 1964 年阿拉斯加地震相关的构造变形:1964 年 3 月 27 日的地震导致了前所未有的大面积地壳变形。

Tectonic Deformation Associated with the 1964 Alaska Earthquake: The earthquake of 27 March 1964 resulted in observable crustal deformation of unprecedented areal extent.

出版信息

Science. 1965 Jun 25;148(3678):1675-87. doi: 10.1126/science.148.3678.1675.

Abstract

Alaska's Good Friday earthquake of 27 March 1964 was accompanied by vertical tectonic deformation over an area of 170,000 to 200,000 square kilometers in south-central Alaska. The deformation included two major northeast-trending zones of uplift and subsidence situated between the Aleutian Trench and the Aleutian Volcanic Arc; together they are 700 to 800 kilometers long and from 150 to 250 kilometers wide. The seaward zone is one in which uplift of as much as 10 meters on land and 15 meters on the sea floor has occurred as a result of both crustal warping and local faulting. Submarine uplift within this zone generated a train of seismic sea waves with half-wave amplitudes of more than 7 meters along the coast near the source. The adjacent zone to the northwest is one of subsidence that averages about 1 meter and attains a measured maximum of 2.3 meters. A second zone of slight uplift may exist along all or part of the Aleutian and Alaska ranges northwest of the zone of subsidence.

摘要

阿拉斯加 1964 年 3 月 27 日的“耶稣受难日”地震伴随着南阿拉斯加中 17 万至 20 万平方公里地区的垂直构造变形。变形包括两条主要的东北走向的隆起和沉降带,位于阿留申海沟和阿留申火山弧之间;它们一起长 700 至 800 公里,宽 150 至 250 公里。在靠海一侧,由于地壳翘曲和局部断裂,陆地隆起高达 10 米,海底隆起高达 15 米。该区域的海底隆起产生了一系列地震海啸波,在震源附近沿海地区的半波幅超过 7 米。西北相邻的区域是沉降区,平均沉降约 1 米,最大沉降量可达 2.3 米。在沉降区西北的阿留申山脉和阿拉斯加山脉的全部或部分地区可能存在第二个轻微隆起区。

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