Hochmann J
Pharmaceutical faculty of Charles Universiy, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Heyrovskeho 1203, Czech Republic.
Neoplasma. 2007;54(4):290-6.
The ratio of cytosol concentrations of estrogen receptors to progesterone receptors (ER/PR) can help at the diagnosis of the excessive production of estrogens or (on the contrary) of the lowered function of ER or of the too small expression of the PR gene. We divided the statistical set into the groups with the approximately same concentrations of PR for stronger judgement of this ratio because PR is nearly not changing due to the age (in contrast to the age unstable ER). We used this stratification into the PR-limited groups at the radio-receptor analysis of 147 patients. 1) The ER/PR quotient was higher in the older patients but predominantly it was approximately 10-times lower in case of the high PR than in case of the low PR. This is why the more than 10-fould error can arise at uncorrected judgement whether ER of some patient is inadequately high or low in the comparison with her PR. It implies that e.g. in case of any one patient it is possible to infer the excessive production of ER from the comparison of her ER/PR--best only in the range of her PR-limited group (and in the addition taking account of the age). It can be important for therapy and prognosis. 2) The interpersonal differences of ER and ER/PR were approximately 10-times smaller in PR-limited groups than in the whole statistical set. This is why e.g. the correlation coefficients of the age increase of ER and ER/PR in the PR-limited groups were more favourable than in the whole non-stratified statistical set. In case if PR decreases in the higher age in case of some authors, it is necessary to create the PR-limited groups by another manner. For instance, 20 % of the tumors with the highest PR from each age group will be in the same PR-limited group (despite the fact that they differ in PR). The impact of the age will be then more marked in case of ER/PR than in case of ER only because the numerator elevates and denominator decreases. The impact of the ovarian cycle might be detected more sensitively on the same principle. It is possible to analyse by this manner the possibility to transform the receptor results to the average age or to the optimal phase of the ovulation cycle to prevent e.g. the false negativity of ER. The principles of this mathematical approach might be exploited even for a judgement of the prognosis and therapy on the basis of the mutual ratio of different isotypes of receptors for one hormone only (ERalpha / ERbeta or PRA / PRB). It concerns not only the breast cancers but also the cancers of the uterus.
雌激素受体与孕激素受体的胞浆浓度比值（ER/PR）有助于诊断雌激素过度产生，或者相反，有助于诊断ER功能降低或PR基因表达过少。我们将统计数据集按照PR浓度大致相同进行分组，以便更有力地判断该比值，因为PR几乎不会随年龄变化（与不稳定的ER不同）。我们在对147例患者进行放射受体分析时采用了这种按PR分组的方法。1）老年患者的ER/PR商值较高，但主要是高PR患者的该比值比低PR患者低约10倍。这就是为什么在未校正的情况下判断某患者的ER与PR相比是否过高或过低时可能会出现超过10倍的误差。这意味着，例如，对于任何一位患者，仅在其PR分组范围内（并考虑年龄）比较其ER/PR，才有可能推断ER是否过度产生。这对治疗和预后可能很重要。2）在PR分组中，ER和ER/PR的个体差异比整个统计数据集小约10倍。这就是为什么例如PR分组中ER和ER/PR随年龄增加的相关系数比未分层的整个统计数据集更有利。如果某些作者认为在较高年龄时PR会降低，那么就需要以另一种方式创建PR分组。例如，每个年龄组中PR最高的20%的肿瘤将归为同一PR分组（尽管它们的PR不同）。年龄对ER/PR的影响将比仅对ER的影响更明显，因为分子升高而分母降低。基于同样的原理，可能更灵敏地检测到卵巢周期的影响。通过这种方式，可以分析将受体结果转换为平均年龄或排卵周期最佳阶段的可能性，以防止例如ER的假阴性。这种数学方法的原理甚至可用于仅根据一种激素不同亚型受体的相互比值（ERα/ERβ或PRA/PRB）来判断预后和治疗。这不仅涉及乳腺癌，还涉及子宫癌。
