Malata Address, Hauck Yvonne, Monterosso Leanne, McCaul Kieran
Kamuzu College of Nursing, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.
J Adv Nurs. 2007 Oct;60(1):67-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04380.x.
This paper is a report of a study to develop and evaluate a childbirth educational programme for Malawian women.
Providing parent education is integral to the midwife's role. Malawian midwives face a challenge in fulfilling this role, with no existing childbirth education programme to facilitate this process.
A mixed method approach was used for this three-phase study. In Phase 1, childbirth information needs of Malawian women were determined from literature and interviews with midwives. In Phase 2, a structured childbirth education programme was developed. In Phase 3, a quasi-experimental design using sequential sampling was conducted to evaluate the education programme. Participants were pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics in 2002, with 104 in the control group and 105 in the intervention group. Changes in childbirth knowledge were determined over a 6-week period.
The childbirth education programme included information, teaching strategies and a schedule for implementation for content relevant to the antenatal, labour and birth and postnatal time periods. Results revealed no significant difference in knowledge in the control group between pretest and post-test scores. For the intervention group, however, an overall significant increase in knowledge across all time periods was demonstrated (P < 0.01).
A childbirth education programme, developed for the Malawian context, was associated with important increases in maternal knowledge about antenatal, labour and birth and postnatal topics. The findings have implications for midwives in other developing countries and offer an example of a midwifery-led initiative to provide formal childbirth education to these vulnerable women.
本文报告一项为马拉维妇女开发并评估分娩教育项目的研究。
提供家长教育是助产士职责的重要组成部分。马拉维的助产士在履行这一职责时面临挑战，因为目前没有分娩教育项目来推动这一进程。
本三相研究采用了混合方法。在第一阶段，通过文献研究和对助产士的访谈确定了马拉维妇女的分娩信息需求。在第二阶段，制定了一个结构化的分娩教育项目。在第三阶段，采用序贯抽样的准实验设计来评估该教育项目。参与者为2002年参加产前诊所的孕妇，对照组有104人，干预组有105人。在6周的时间内确定分娩知识的变化。
分娩教育项目包括与产前、分娩和产后时期相关内容的信息、教学策略和实施时间表。结果显示，对照组的前测和后测分数在知识方面没有显著差异。然而，对于干预组，所有时间段的知识总体上有显著增加（P < 0.01）。
为马拉维情况开发的分娩教育项目与产妇在产前、分娩和产后主题方面的知识显著增加有关。这些发现对其他发展中国家的助产士有启示意义，并为以助产士为主导的为这些弱势妇女提供正规分娩教育的倡议提供了一个范例。
