Wu YanYun, Stack Gary
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06504, USA.
Semin Perinatol. 2007 Aug;31(4):262-71. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2007.05.004.
In this article, we will describe some of the special compatibility testing procedures and blood component preparation and modification techniques used in intrauterine and neonatal transfusion medicine. We also will review the transfusion therapy used in hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) and fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT).
Transfusion therapy in the fetus and neonate requires blood typing and compatibility testing techniques not routinely used for adults. These include: cord blood testing, special attention to the volume and speed of infusion, cytomegalovirus risk reduction, and routine irradiation of cellular blood components. The treatment of HDFN and FNAIT involves phenotyping and/or genotyping of fetal and paternal red blood cells and platelets. In FNAIT, platelet products are chosen based on the absence of platelet-specific antigens.
Fetal and neonatal transfusion medicine require special attention to the unique anatomic and physiologic features of early human development.
在本文中，我们将描述一些用于宫内和新生儿输血医学的特殊相容性检测程序以及血液成分制备和改造技术。我们还将回顾用于胎儿和新生儿溶血病（HDFN）以及胎儿和新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症（FNAIT）的输血治疗。
胎儿和新生儿的输血治疗需要采用一些成人输血时通常不用的血型鉴定和相容性检测技术。这些技术包括：脐带血检测、特别关注输注的量和速度、降低巨细胞病毒风险以及对细胞血液成分进行常规辐照。HDFN和FNAIT的治疗涉及对胎儿和父亲的红细胞及血小板进行表型分析和/或基因分型。在FNAIT中，根据血小板特异性抗原的缺失情况选择血小板制品。
胎儿和新生儿输血医学需要特别关注人类早期发育独特的解剖和生理特征。
