Sawai S, Fukui H, Imamura I, Wang N P, Fukuda M, Wada H, Manabe R
Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Hospital, Japan.
J Ocul Pharmacol. 1991 Fall;7(3):213-9.
Histamine (HA) content and histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity were studied in the sensory retinas of the rat, guinea-pig, rabbit, dog, monkey, bovine and pig. Using a highly sensitive and specific method developed for the determination of histamine using high-performance liquid chromatography, HA was detected in the retinas of all species examined. HA content ranged from 11 (bovine) to 540 pmole/g wet tissue (dog), and HDC activity ranged from 2 (rabbit) to 150 (dog) fmol HA synthesized/min/mg protein. With the exception of the dogs, the retinal values were one order lower than those in the brain in all species examined. The canine retinas had the high HA and HDC values among the species examined, and were approximately equal to those in the brain. However, the ratios of HDC activity to HA content ranged from 0.04/min to 0.51/min. These values resembled those in the brain and were much higher than those in mast cells. This suggests that histamine in the retinas exists mainly in the neurons even though the actual amounts are small and may be involved in the physiological and the pathological responses in mammalian retinas.
研究了大鼠、豚鼠、兔、狗、猴、牛和猪的感觉视网膜中的组胺（HA）含量和组氨酸脱羧酶（HDC）活性。使用为高效液相色谱法测定组胺而开发的高灵敏度和特异性方法，在所检查的所有物种的视网膜中均检测到了HA。HA含量范围为11（牛）至540皮摩尔/克湿组织（狗），HDC活性范围为2（兔）至150（狗）飞摩尔HA合成/分钟/毫克蛋白质。在所检查的所有物种中，除狗以外，视网膜的值均比脑中的值低一个数量级。在所检查的物种中，犬视网膜的HA和HDC值较高，且与脑中的值大致相当。然而，HDC活性与HA含量的比值范围为0.04/分钟至0.51/分钟。这些值与脑中的值相似，且远高于肥大细胞中的值。这表明视网膜中的组胺主要存在于神经元中，尽管实际含量很少，并且可能参与哺乳动物视网膜的生理和病理反应。
