Sotir Mark J, Glaser Linda C, Fox Patricia E, Doering Michael, Geske David A, Warshauer David M, Davis Jeffrey P
Bureau of Communicable Diseases and Preparedness, Wisconsin Division of Public Health, Madison, WI 53702, USA.
WMJ. 2007 Jul;106(4):185-90.
West Nile virus (WNV) and La Crosse virus (LAC) are the primary mosquito-borne arboviruses associated with human disease in Wisconsin. We examined WNV and LAC human illness surveillance data collected during 2002 through 2006.
ELISA-based tests developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were used to detect acute WNV and LAC infection in patient sera or cerebral spinal fluid. Public health personnel conducted patient follow-up using standard arbovirus reporting forms. CDC/Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists definitions were used to determine cases.
From 2002 through 2006, 114 confirmed human cases of WNV illness were reported in Wisconsin residents; 82% of illness onsets occurred during August or September. Median age of WNV case patients was 51 years, 49% reported neuroinvasive disease, 56% were hospitalized, and 7 cases were fatal. Confirmed LAC illnesses declined from a high of 27 cases during 2003 to a low of 3 cases during 2005 and 2006. Most LAC illnesses occurred in residents of Western Wisconsin; median age of LAC cases was 9 years. Mean annual incidences of reported confirmed WNV illnesses calculated for high, medium, and low population density groupings were very similar (range: 0.40-0.46 cases/100,000 population).
Humans are at risk for mosquito-borne diseases in Wisconsin. Protection and prevention measures are important statewide, especially during July through September when the risk is greatest.
西尼罗河病毒（WNV）和拉克罗斯病毒（LAC）是与威斯康星州人类疾病相关的主要蚊媒虫媒病毒。我们检查了2002年至2006年期间收集的WNV和LAC人类疾病监测数据。
使用美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）开发的基于酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）的检测方法，检测患者血清或脑脊液中的急性WNV和LAC感染。公共卫生人员使用标准虫媒病毒报告表格对患者进行随访。采用CDC/州和地区流行病学家委员会的定义来确定病例。
2002年至2006年期间，威斯康星州居民报告了114例确诊的WNV疾病人类病例；82%的发病发生在8月或9月。WNV病例患者的中位年龄为51岁，49%报告有神经侵袭性疾病，56%住院治疗，7例死亡。确诊的LAC疾病从2003年的27例高位下降到2005年和2006年的3例低位。大多数LAC疾病发生在威斯康星州西部的居民中；LAC病例的中位年龄为9岁。针对高、中、低人口密度分组计算的报告确诊WNV疾病的年均发病率非常相似（范围：0.40 - 0.46例/100,000人口）。
在威斯康星州，人类有感染蚊媒疾病的风险。全州范围内的保护和预防措施很重要，尤其是在7月至9月风险最大的时候。
