Norman J Farley, Wiesemann Elizabeth Y, Norman Hideko F, Taylor M Jett, Craft Warren D
Department of Psychology, 1906 College Heights Blvd, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101-1030, USA.
Perception. 2007;36(7):980-9. doi: 10.1068/p5641.
The sensitivity of observers to nonrigid bending was evaluated in two experiments. In both experiments, observers were required to discriminate on any given trial which of two bending rods was more elastic. In experiment 1, both rods bent within the same oriented plane, and bent either in a frontoparallel plane or bent in depth. In experiment 2, the two rods within any given trial bent in different, randomly chosen orientations in depth. The results of both experiments revealed that human observers are sensitive to, and can reliably detect, relatively small differences in bending (the average Weber fraction across experiments 1 and 2 was 9.0%). The performance of the human observers was compared to that of models that based their elasticity judgments upon either static projected curvature or mean and maximal projected speed. Despite the fact that all of the observers reported compelling 3-D perceptions of bending in depth, their judgments were both qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with the performance of the models. This similarity suggests that relatively straightforward information about the elasticity of simple bending objects is available in projected retinal images.
在两项实验中评估了观察者对非刚性弯曲的敏感度。在这两项实验中，观察者都需要在任何给定的试验中辨别两根弯曲杆中哪一根更具弹性。在实验1中，两根杆都在同一取向平面内弯曲，要么在前平行平面内弯曲，要么在深度方向上弯曲。在实验2中，任何给定试验中的两根杆在深度方向上以不同的、随机选择的取向弯曲。两项实验的结果都表明，人类观察者对弯曲中相对较小的差异敏感，并且能够可靠地检测到这种差异（实验1和2的平均韦伯分数为9.0%）。将人类观察者的表现与基于静态投影曲率或平均及最大投影速度进行弹性判断的模型的表现进行了比较。尽管所有观察者都报告了对深度弯曲有令人信服的三维感知，但他们的判断在定性和定量上都与模型的表现一致。这种相似性表明，关于简单弯曲物体弹性的相对直接的信息在视网膜投影图像中是可用的。
