Collas Philippe, Taranger Christel K
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway.
Stem Cell Rev. 2006;2(4):309-17. doi: 10.1007/BF02698058.
Recent evidence indicates that nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts from undifferentiated cells can reprogram gene expression and promote pluripotency in otherwise more developmentally restricted cell types. Notably, extracts of embryonal carcinoma cells or embryonic stem cells have been shown to elicit a shift in the transcriptional program of target cells to upregulate embryonic stem cell genes, downregulate somatic cell-specific markers, and epigenetically modify histones. Reprogrammed kidney epithelial cells acquire a potential for differentiation toward ectodermal and mesodermal lineages. Cell extract-mediated nuclear reprogramming may constitute an attractive alternative to reprogramming somatic cells by cell fusion or nuclear transfer. This review highlights recent observations leading to the concept that extracts derived from pluripotent cells contain regulatory components capable of reprogramming somatic nuclear function. Limitations of current extract-based reprogramming approaches are also addressed.
最近的证据表明，未分化细胞的核提取物和细胞质提取物能够重新编程基因表达，并在其他发育受限程度更高的细胞类型中促进多能性。值得注意的是，胚胎癌细胞或胚胎干细胞的提取物已被证明可引起靶细胞转录程序的转变，从而上调胚胎干细胞基因、下调体细胞特异性标志物，并在表观遗传上修饰组蛋白。重编程后的肾上皮细胞获得了向外胚层和中胚层谱系分化的潜能。细胞提取物介导的核重编程可能是通过细胞融合或核移植对体细胞进行重编程的一种有吸引力的替代方法。本综述重点介绍了最近的观察结果，这些结果引出了这样一个概念，即多能细胞来源的提取物含有能够重编程体细胞核功能的调控成分。同时也讨论了当前基于提取物的重编程方法的局限性。
