Slater C Stewart, Savelski Mariano
Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, USA.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2007 Sep;42(11):1595-605. doi: 10.1080/10934520701517747.
This paper describes the development of a method to calculate the overall "greenness" of a pharmaceutical process that uses multiple solvents. This calculation is made by taking into account various environmental parameters and determining an overall greenness index. Through this method a scientist or engineer can effectively determine alternative, "greener" solvents or processes based on the use of a solvent database and greenness score. The objective is to develop a means to improve the process of drug development through solvent replacement/reduction. A solvent selection table, using a common spreadsheet software routine, was developed for the purpose of allowing a user to compare the greenness between two different process routes. This table includes over 60 solvents and associated chemicals common in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The comparison was made possible by the creation of a user-defined, weighted-solvent, greenness index that is an overall weighted factor taking into consideration solvent type, quantity used, and environmental impact. A given process or solvent receives an index ranking based on a variety of environmental and health parameters. The index values, along with the mass of solvents used in the given process, are used to compute the index, which allows for a quick and easy quantitative environmental comparison between two potential process routes.
本文描述了一种计算使用多种溶剂的制药工艺整体“绿色度”方法的开发。这种计算是通过考虑各种环境参数并确定一个整体绿色度指数来进行的。通过这种方法，科学家或工程师可以基于溶剂数据库和绿色度评分有效地确定替代的、“更绿色”的溶剂或工艺。目的是开发一种通过溶剂替代/减少来改进药物开发过程的方法。为了让用户能够比较两条不同工艺路线之间的绿色度，使用通用电子表格软件程序开发了一个溶剂选择表。该表包括制药和化工行业中常见的60多种溶剂及相关化学品。通过创建一个用户定义的、加权溶剂绿色度指数进行比较，该指数是一个综合加权因子，考虑了溶剂类型、使用量和环境影响。给定的工艺或溶剂根据各种环境和健康参数获得一个指数排名。指数值与给定工艺中使用的溶剂质量一起用于计算该指数，这使得能够快速简便地对两条潜在工艺路线进行定量环境比较。
