Łazarczyk Marzena, Matyja Ewa, Lipkowski Andrzej
Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuropathology, M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Pawiñskiego 5, 02-130 Warsaw, Poland.
Folia Neuropathol. 2007;45(3):99-107.
Tachykinins are excitatory neuropeptides synthesised in neuronal and glial cells of the human central and peripheral nervous system. They participate in both physiological and certain pathological conditions, i.e. synaptic transmission, nociception and neuroimmunomodulation. Tachykinins act as excitatory neurotransmitters and/or neuromodulators and induce DNA synthesis leading to stimulation of cell division and proliferation. Their biological responses are triggered via the well-established tachykinin receptors NK1, NK2 and NK3 that belong to the G protein-coupled receptor family (GPCRs). Substance P is the most important member of the tachykinin family that constitutes the major endogenous ligand for the NK1 receptor type. The presence of functional NK1 receptors has been documented in malignant brain tumours of glial origin. It has been evidenced that SP-NK1 receptor communication is involved in glioma development and progression. It is possible because the tumour cells display SP-mediated autocrine activity, the ability of cytokines stimulation and MAP kinases activation. It has been suggested that SP receptor antagonists application might be useful in attempts directed at anti-cancer therapy.
速激肽是在人类中枢和外周神经系统的神经元和神经胶质细胞中合成的兴奋性神经肽。它们参与生理和某些病理状况，即突触传递、痛觉感受和神经免疫调节。速激肽作为兴奋性神经递质和/或神经调质，诱导DNA合成，从而刺激细胞分裂和增殖。它们的生物学反应是通过已明确的速激肽受体NK1、NK2和NK3触发的，这些受体属于G蛋白偶联受体家族（GPCRs）。P物质是速激肽家族中最重要的成员，是NK1型受体的主要内源性配体。在胶质源性恶性脑肿瘤中已证实存在功能性NK1受体。有证据表明，P物质-NK1受体通讯参与了胶质瘤的发生和发展。这是可能的，因为肿瘤细胞表现出P物质介导的自分泌活性、细胞因子刺激能力和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激活。有人提出，应用P物质受体拮抗剂可能有助于抗癌治疗。
