Schetz M
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
Acta Clin Belg. 2007 Jul-Aug;62(4):195-207. doi: 10.1179/acb.2007.033.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication in the intensive care setting. It seldom occurs in isolation, but is mostly part of a multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The pathogenesis is frequently multifactorial, with sepsis contributing to 50% of the cases.The development of AKI in critically-ill patients is "bad news": patients with AKI have a high morbidity and mortality. In addition, AKI, even in its mildest from, is not only a marker of illness severity but appears to be independently associated with mortality. Prevention of AKI is therefore a major goal to improve outcome of critically-ill patients. Treatment of established AKI is largely supportive. The optimal modality for renal replacement therapy in critically-ill patients still remains a matter of debate). The majority of survivors recover renal function.
急性肾损伤（AKI）是重症监护环境中常见且严重的并发症。它很少单独发生，大多是多器官功能障碍综合征的一部分。其发病机制通常是多因素的，脓毒症导致50%的病例。危重症患者发生AKI是“坏消息”：AKI患者有很高的发病率和死亡率。此外，AKI即使是最轻微的形式，不仅是疾病严重程度的一个指标，而且似乎与死亡率独立相关。因此，预防AKI是改善危重症患者预后的主要目标。已确诊AKI的治疗主要是支持性的。危重症患者肾脏替代治疗的最佳方式仍存在争议。大多数幸存者肾功能会恢复。
