Armstrong John W, Follett Peter A
USDA-ARS, U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 4459, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2007 Aug;100(4):1091-7. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[1091:hiqtam]2.0.co;2.
Immersion of litchi fruit in 49 degrees C water for 20 min followed by hydrocooling in ambient (24 +/- 4 degrees C) temperature water for 20 min was tested as a quarantine treatment against potential infestations of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann); and oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel, eggs or larvae in Hawaiian litchi, Litchi chinensis Sonnerat. The 49 degrees C hot-water immersion of litchi provided probit 9 (99.9968% mortality with >95% confidence) quarantine security against eggs and first instars. There were no survivors from 15,000 each feeding and nonfeeding Mediterranean fruit fly or oriental fruit fly third instars immersed in a computer-controlled water bath that simulated the litchi seed-surface temperature profile during the 49 degrees C hot-water immersion treatment. Litchi served as the model for longan, Dimocarpus longan Lour., a closely related fruit that is smaller and also has commercial potential for Hawaii. Modified fruit infestation and holding techniques used to obtain adequate estimated treated populations from poor host fruit, such as litchi and longan, are described. Data from these experiments were used to obtain approval of a hot-water immersion quarantine treatment against fruit flies for litchi and longan exported from Hawaii to the U.S. mainland.
将荔枝果实浸入49摄氏度的水中20分钟，然后在环境温度（24±4摄氏度）的水中进行水冷20分钟，作为一种检疫处理方法，用于检测其对夏威夷荔枝（Litchi chinensis Sonnerat）中地中海实蝇（Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)）和东方果实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel）的卵或幼虫潜在侵染的防治效果。49摄氏度热水浸泡荔枝对卵和一龄幼虫提供了概率为9（死亡率99.9968%，置信度>95%）的检疫安全性。在模拟49摄氏度热水浸泡处理期间荔枝种子表面温度曲线的计算机控制水浴中，将15000只取食和不取食的地中海实蝇或东方果实蝇三龄幼虫浸入其中，无一存活。荔枝被用作龙眼（Dimocarpus longan Lour.）的模型，龙眼是一种与之密切相关的果实，体积较小，在夏威夷也具有商业潜力。本文描述了用于从荔枝和龙眼等劣质寄主果实中获得足够估计处理种群的改良果实侵染和保存技术。这些实验的数据被用于获得对从夏威夷出口到美国大陆的荔枝和龙眼进行热水浸泡检疫处理以防治果蝇的批准。
